Meltdown Minder Knowledge Base
120 papers in the vault
120 papers • 3 pending • Tier Tier 1: 30 • Tier Tier 2: 62 • Tier Tier 3: 28
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Tier 3 unknown
Meltdown Minder — Current Architecture & Capabilities
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — internal project documentation.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — internal project documentation.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — internal project documentation.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — internal project documentation.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — internal project documentation.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — internal project documentation.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown n=909Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=909. Population: ASD. Setting: inpatient. Setting: clinical.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — reference/resource document.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Clinical setting. Laboratory. During sleep. Free-living. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?ABC, VAS, Clinician-rated, Direct observation, Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — reference/resource document.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=909.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed
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Tier 3 unknown
Empatica E4 Research Resources
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — reference/resource document.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — reference/resource document.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — reference/resource document.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — reference/resource document.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
WHOOP Developer Blog & API Docs
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — reference/resource document.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — reference/resource document.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. During sleep.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — reference/resource document.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — reference/resource document.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown n=65
The Crown Jewel — MVP Roadmap
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=65. Population: ASD. Setting: clinical.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — internal project documentation.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Clinical setting. Laboratory. During sleep. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — internal project documentation.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=65.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
AffectiveROAD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics and recruitment details.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=62
CLAS — Cognitive Load, Affect, and Stress
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=62.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=62.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Regulation of Brain Cognitive States Through Sensory Stimulation with Wearable Monitoring
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?See dataset documentation for recording conditions and protocols.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?See dataset documentation for label definitions and annotation procedures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
CogWear — Cognitive Effort Detection with Consumer Wearables
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?See dataset documentation for recording conditions and protocols.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?See dataset documentation for label definitions and annotation procedures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=142
DAPPER — Dataset for Affective Processing in Real-World Environments
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=142.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=142.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=32
DEAP — Database for Emotion Analysis using Physiological Signals
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=32.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=32.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
FEEL Benchmark
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics and recruitment details.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown n=20
Goodwin — Autism Inpatient Collection (AIC)
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=20. Population: ASD. Setting: inpatient.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?VAS, Direct observation, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=20.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown n=70
Imbiriba — JAMA Network Open 2023 (AIC Extension)
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=70. Population: ASD. Setting: inpatient.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=70.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=30
K-EmoCon
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=30.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=30.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Nurse Stress Dataset (Hosseini 2022)
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Population: ASD.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown n=3
REACT — Real-time Early Agitation Capture Technology (Vanderbilt)
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=3. Population: ASD.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=3.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
ScientISST MOVE — Naturalistic Activity Monitoring
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?See dataset documentation for recording conditions and protocols.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?See dataset documentation for label definitions and annotation procedures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Neurophysiological Dataset of Stress Resilience During Human-Computer Interaction
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?See dataset documentation for recording conditions and protocols.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?See dataset documentation for label definitions and annotation procedures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=25
SWELL-KW
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=25.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=25.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=212
TILES-2018
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=212.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. Free-living. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=212.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=15
WESAD — Wearable Stress and Affect Detection
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=15.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=15.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Multimodal Dataset for Investigating Working Memory in Presence of Music
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?See dataset documentation for participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable sensors (see dataset documentation for device specifications, sampling rates, and placement).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?See dataset documentation for recording conditions and protocols.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?See dataset documentation for label definitions and annotation procedures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See dataset documentation for preprocessing and quality control details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.See dataset documentation for completeness and exclusion details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown n=335
Meltdown and Tantrum Categorization
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=335. Population: ASD. Setting: clinical.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — internal project documentation.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Clinical setting. Laboratory. During sleep.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — internal project documentation.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=335.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Alban 2023 — Heart rate as a predictor of challenging behaviours among children with autism from wearable sensors
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown n=1
Aljassmi 2025 — Longitudinal Case Study on Detecting Emotional Dysregulation in a Child with ASD Using Wearable Sensors
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=1; 10-year-old child with ASD; convenience sample (single working-parent family).Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Empatica EmbracePlus; EDA, HR, accelerometry; 3 months continuous monitoring.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Home, naturalistic, free-living; caregiver-installed video cameras for retrospective event validation.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Caregiver-confirmed heightened-arousal episodes via retrospective review of home video footage whenever wearable flagged abnormal physiology.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Unsupervised anomaly detection; rolling-window + peak-detection feature extraction; video-based retrospective confirmation.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=1; single-subject case study, work-in-progress.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported; case study. -
Tier 2 unknown
Baker 2022 — Parasympathetic withdrawal indexes risk for emotion dysregulation in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Beauchaine 2015 — Future directions in emotion dysregulation research
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Belfry 2021 — Cold-blooded and on purpose: A review of the biology of proactive aggression
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Billeci 2016 — Monitoring brain and autonomic response of children with ASD during treatment by wearables
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Billeci 2018 — HRV during a joint attention task in toddlers with ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Billeci 2026 — Physiological correlates of emotional dysregulation in youth: wearable technology study
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Bird 2013 — Mixed emotions: The contribution of alexithymia to the emotional symptoms of autism
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Bubier 2019 — Heart rate increase predicts challenging behavior episodes in preschoolers with autism
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Cano 2024 — Wearable solutions using physiological signals for stress monitoring in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Cantin-Garside 2020 — Detecting and classifying self-injurious behavior in ASD using ML
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Casanova 2018 — Dysautonomia in autism spectrum disorder: A case-control study
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Cheng 2020 — Heart rate variability in ASD: A meta-analysis
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Critchley 2005 — Neural mechanisms of autonomic, affective, and cognitive integration
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Dubois 2016 — Interoception in autism spectrum disorder: A review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Emezie 2024 — Using HR and behaviors to predict intervention strategies for children on the autism spectrum
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Fanti 2024 — Does the hot- vs cold-blooded distinction of reactive and proactive aggression extend to physiology?
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Ferina 2025 — Approaches for Predicting Challenging Behaviors in ASD: A Narrative Review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Systematic review — no original subject recruitment. Literature search across academic databases.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article. Synthesizes findings from published studies using various sensor modalities.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article. Draws from studies across clinical, home, lab, and naturalistic settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article. Outcome measures vary by included study; typically clinician-rated scales or diagnostic criteria.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. Quality assessment of included studies per PRISMA or similar guidelines.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
Goodwin 2019 — Changes in HR and skin conductance in the 30 min preceding aggressive behavior
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown n=70
Goodwin 2019 — Predicting Aggression to Others in Youth with ASD Using a Wearable Biosensor
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=70. Age range: 6-17 yr. Population: ASD. Setting: inpatient.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.EDA, ACC, TEMP. Wearable/wrist-worn device.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Naturalistic setting. Inpatient unit. Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?VAS, Direct observation, Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See paper for preprocessing and validation details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=70.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Green 2011 — Screaming, yelling, whining, and crying: vocal expressions in tantrums
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Greenlee 2024 — Comparative analysis of EDA metrics and association with child behavior in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Hagenaars 2014 — Updating freeze: Aligning animal and human research
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
hensgen-delta-0.72.md — placeholder
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Not assessedData AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Not assessedAcquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Not assessedGold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Not assessedData ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Not assessedMissingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Not assessedMissing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Heyer 2018 — Autonomic dysfunction in autism: A prospective study
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Hill 2004 — Cognitive processing of own emotions in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Ilen 2026 — Interplay between resting HRV, daily affective dynamics and mental health in autistic youths
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown n=70
Imbiriba 2023 — Wearable Biosensing to Predict Imminent Aggressive Behavior in Psychiatric Inpatient Youths With Autism
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=70. Age range: 5-19 yr. Population: ASD. Setting: inpatient.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Empatica E4. Wearable/wrist-worn device.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Inpatient unit. Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See paper for preprocessing and validation details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=70.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Jerritta 2026 — RQA-Based Identification of Emotions from ECG Signals for Emotion Regulation in Children with ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Children with ASD. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.ECG signals. See paper for device, sampling rate, and placement.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Controlled emotion elicitation protocol. See paper for task design.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Emotional state labels (likely self-report or behavioral observation). See paper.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) feature extraction. Classification metrics reported in paper.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Not reported in abstract; see paper.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported. -
Tier 1 unknown n=9
Kartha 2026 — Prediction of Challenging Behaviors in Profound Autism: Classroom Setting Wearable Sensors
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=9 children/young adults (ages 10-21) with profound autism in a special-education classroom.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Multimodal wearable; accelerometry, EDA, skin temperature.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Real-world special-education classroom. Naturalistic standard sessions.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Challenging-behavior episode labels (SIB, aggression, elopement, pica). See paper for coding procedure.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Foundation-model fine-tuning; AUC-ROC 0.78 evaluation.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.~110.7 h labeled data across 9 subjects. Details in paper.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported in abstract; see paper. -
Tier 3 unknown
Kaur 2025 — Co-developing a digital mental health app for school-based settings with community partners
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Khan 2024 — REACT: Real-time early agitation capture technology for children with IDD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown n=3
Khan 2024 — REACT: Real-time Early Agitation Capture Technology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=3. Age range: 6-9 yr. Population: ASD.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.EDA, ACC. Wearable/wrist-worn device.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Naturalistic setting. Laboratory. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?See paper for preprocessing and validation details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=3.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
Khan 2025 — A Universal Web-Based Tool for Multimodal Data Synchronization and Labeling
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — tool development paper. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — tool designed for multimodal data (video + physiological signals).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — tool methodology paper.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Tool provides manual labeling interface for behavioral annotations.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Tool validation described in paper.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — no primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Khullar 2021 — Meltdown/tantrum detection system for individuals with ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown n=9
Kim 2026 — Feasibility of Forecasting Self-Injurious Behavior in Autistic Youth Using Wearable Sensors
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=9 autistic youth; secondary analysis of previously collected dataset.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Wearable accelerometers + physiological sensors (heart rate, skin conductance).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?From prior source study — see source dataset publication for setting details.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?SIB event labels from prior dataset (see source publication).Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Leave-One-Subject-Out cross-validation; AUPRC metrics; 4 models x 5 horizons x 3 feature sets.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=9; per-subject completeness from source dataset.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported in abstract; see paper. -
Tier 2 unknown
Kinnaird 2019 — Investigating alexithymia in autism: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Klusek 2015 — Cardiac autonomic regulation in autism and Fragile X syndrome
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Koenig 2016 — Depression and resting state HRV in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Kozlowska 2015 — Fear and the defense cascade: Clinical implications and management
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Kreibig 2010 — Autonomic nervous system activity in emotion: A review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Kumar 2026 — Stereotypic Repetitive Behavior Monitoring Using Human Body Communication
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Not reported in abstract; see paper. IEEE Sensors Journal — likely controlled evaluation.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Human Body Communication (HBC) — body-as-waveguide signal transmission. No external wearable sensor required beyond body-worn electrodes.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Likely controlled/laboratory setting (see paper).Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Stereotypic repetitive behavior labels — see paper for annotation method.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Detection accuracy for common SRB topographies. See paper for metrics.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Not reported in abstract; see paper.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported. -
Tier 2 unknown
Kushki 2025 — Irritability in autism: network analysis of phenotypic and physiological correlates
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Lang 2023 — The lived experience of meltdowns for autistic adults
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
MacNeill 2026 — Developmental foundations of a pediatric mental health risk calculator for young children
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Mascia 2025 — Wearables and behavioral coding for predicting severe emotional outbursts in children
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Matsuda 2026 — Feasibility of one-month home-based HRV monitoring in ASD using smart clothing
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Mazefsky 2013 — The role of emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Mazefsky 2018 — The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Mazefsky 2021 — Emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No original subject recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. PRISMA or similar quality assessment.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown n=5
Medina 2025 — Wearable HRV Stress Detection and Intervention for Sensory Overload in Children with Autism in the Philippines
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=5 high-functioning children with ASD; device validation study.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.DFRobot Gravity PPG HR sensor; Arduino ESP32; wrist and finger placements.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Controlled physical activity (before/after protocol); intended for educational and everyday settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?HR/HRV stress scores; comparative validation against commercial wearable band.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Pearson correlation (r=0.97) and mean difference (2.00 BPM) vs. reference device.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=5; see paper for completeness details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported. -
Tier 3 unknown
Mobbs 2020 — Space, time, and fear: Survival computations along defensive circuits
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Moore 2015 — Acute pain experience in individuals with autism spectrum disorders
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Neely 2026 — Wearable technology to measure self-injury during a functional analysis
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Northrup 2026 — Early childhood emotion regulation and co-regulation in autism
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Di Palma 2017 — Monitoring of autonomic response to sociocognitive tasks in ASD by wearables
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown n=55
Patel 2026 — Caregiver Needs and Technology Acceptability for Behavioral-Crisis Support in Children With Neurodevelopmental or Behavioral Conditions
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Convenience sample of caregivers (n=55 interim, target 75) of children aged 5-17 with neurodevelopmental or behavioral conditions; single-center; prior crisis experience not required.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Online REDCap survey, 24-item instrument.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cross-sectional survey; open recruitment via flyers, email, and in-person clinic invitations.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Caregiver self-report; no clinical gold standard.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Estimation-first analyses; Wilson 95% CIs; medians with IQRs; pre-specified bivariate ordinal tests (Kendall's tau-b, Jonckheere-Terpstra, Friedman).Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=55 interim; response rate undetermined due to open-ended recruitment; hypothesis-generating.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot reported; interim analysis. -
Tier 2 unknown
Pergantis 2025 — Assistive and Emerging Technologies to Detect and Reduce Neurophysiological Stress and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents with Autism: A Systematic Review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Systematic review — no original subject recruitment. PRISMA-guided literature search across academic databases.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article. Synthesizes findings from studies using various assistive/emerging technologies.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article. Draws from studies across clinical, home, school, and lab settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article. Outcome measures vary by included study.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?PRISMA quality assessment of included studies.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
Phung 2021 — What I wish you knew: Insights on burnout, inertia, meltdown, and shutdown from autistic youth
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Porges 2007 — The polyvagal perspective
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Porges 2011 — The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological Foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, and Self-regulation
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — foundational text.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — foundational text.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — foundational text.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — foundational text.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — foundational text.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — foundational text.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown n=2
Potegal 2003 — Temper tantrums in young children: 2. Tantrum duration and temporal organization
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Potegal 2009 — Rages or temper tantrums? Behavioral organization of angry-agitated outbursts in child psychiatry inpatients
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown n=70
Potter 2026 — Temporal Point Process Modeling of Aggressive Behavior Onset in Autistic Youth
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=70. Youth with ASD (ages 6-20) from inpatient psychiatric units. Subset of AIC (Autism Inpatient Collection).Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Empatica E4 wristband. EDA (4Hz), PPG (64Hz), ACC (32Hz), TEMP (4Hz). Continuous monitoring for up to 14 days.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Inpatient psychiatric unit. Naturalistic observation during daily activities. No structured tasks. Clinical staff logged aggression events via OAS-M.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?OAS-M (Overt Aggression Scale — Modified). Events coded by clinical staff via direct observation and chart review. Inter-rater reliability: κ > 0.80.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Temporal point process modeling. Event times validated against clinical logs. EDA signal quality assessed via standard deviation thresholding.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=70 enrolled. 62 with complete data (8 excluded: device failure, early discharge, or insufficient event data). Missingness correlated with high-agitation periods.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomMissing not at random -
Tier 1 unknown
Bahrami Rad 2025 — From motion to emotion: exploring challenging behaviors in ASD via wearable physiology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Raymaker 2020 — Defining autistic burnout
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Reisinger 2024 — Feasibility and utility of HRV on intervention outcomes targeting emotion regulation in autism
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Roelofs 2017 — Freeze for action: Neurobiological mechanisms in animal and human freezing
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Romani 2026 — Using Wearable Technology to Predict Severe Behavior Problems: A Systematic Review
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Systematic review — no original subject recruitment. Literature search across academic databases.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article. Synthesizes findings from published studies using various sensor modalities.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article. Draws from studies across clinical, home, lab, and naturalistic settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article. Outcome measures vary by included study; typically clinician-rated scales or diagnostic criteria.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. Quality assessment of included studies per PRISMA or similar guidelines.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
Scarpa 2010 — Being hot-tempered: autonomic, emotional, and behavioral distinctions between reactive and proactive aggression
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown n=15
Schmidt 2018 — WESAD: Wearable Stress and Affect Detection
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=15. Healthy adults (mean age 27.5). 3 conditions: baseline, amusement, stress. Recruited from university community.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Empatica E4 wristband (EDA, BVP, ACC, TEMP) + RespiBAN chest strap (ECG, EMG, RESP, ACC). Both devices worn simultaneously.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory setting. Structured protocol: 20-min baseline, 7-min amusement video, 10-min Trier Social Stress Test, 10-min recovery. Each session ~2 hours.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-report (SAM, PANAS, SSSQ). Physiological state defined by protocol phase (baseline vs stress vs amusement). No clinician-rated labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Manual artifact inspection. EDA artifacts removed via visual inspection. ECG: Pan-Tompkins for R-peak detection. Accelerometer non-wear detected via zero-variance.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=15 enrolled. All 15 completed full protocol. No missing data reported. Complete data for all participants across all sensors.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Sheth 2026 — Effectiveness and usability of AI/ML enabled wrist and ankle wearables for monitoring in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown n=1
Singh 2026 — FEEL: Quantifying Heterogeneity in Physiological Signals for Generalizable Emotion Recognition
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=1,021. Pooled from 13 public datasets (WESAD, DEAP, DAPPER, etc.). Diverse demographics. No original recruitment.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.PPG (from Empatica E4, Polar H7, and other wearables). Sampling rates vary by source dataset (64-256Hz).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Pooled analysis of 13 existing datasets. Original acquisition contexts vary: lab, controlled, and naturalistic settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Self-reported emotion labels (valence, arousal, dominance per SAM). Labels normalized across datasets via harmonization procedure.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Signal quality filtering: PPG signals with SNR < 3dB excluded. Inter-beat interval outliers removed via MAD-based thresholding. Harmonization pipeline validated on held-out dataset.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=1,021 pooled from 13 datasets. Each dataset had independent exclusion criteria. Full details in source dataset publications.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomMissing -
Tier 2 unknown
Soden 2025 — The meltdown pathway: A multidisciplinary account of autistic meltdowns
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown n=45
Stewart 2026 — Comparative Evaluation of Wearable Sensor Form Factors in ASD Youth
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=45. Children with ASD (ages 5-12). Recruited from outpatient clinics and community organizations. Parent-reported diagnosis confirmed via ADOS.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Four devices compared: Empatica E4 (wrist), Polar H10 (chest), Actigraph wGT3X-BT (hip), and custom BVP sensor (finger). Simultaneous wear for 24h.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Home environment. Free-living conditions. Parents instructed to maintain normal daily routines. Devices worn for 24 consecutive hours.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Parent-reported comfort/skin irritation logs. Device wear-time validated via accelerometer non-wear detection. No clinical outcome events.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cross-device comparison of signal quality metrics. Wear-time validation via multiple sensors. Skin irritation assessed via parent diary.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=45 enrolled. 42 completed full protocol (3 excluded: 1 device intolerance, 2 data loss due to Bluetooth disconnection). 93% complete wear-time data.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomMissing -
Tier 1 unknown
Takahashi 2016 — A smart clothe for ECG monitoring of children with ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Thayer 2000 — A model of neurovisceral integration in emotion regulation and dysregulation
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Thayer 2009 — Claude Bernard and the heart-brain connection: Further elaboration of a model of neurovisceral integration
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Torrado 2017 — Emotional self-regulation of individuals with ASD: smartwatches for monitoring
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 2 unknown
Volchan 2017 — Immobility reactions under threat: A contribution to human defensive cascade and PTSD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 3 unknown
Wakschlag 2015 — Clinical implications of a dimensional approach: The normal:abnormal spectrum of early irritability
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Weber 2025 — Challenging behaviors in children with nonverbal autism: a questionnaire for wearable design
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 unknown
Zheng 2021 — PreMAC: A predictive multimodal framework to alert caregivers of problem behaviors for children with ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Cited in research docs. See paper for n, inclusion criteria, and participant demographics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Cited in research docs. See paper for device and signal details.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Cited in research docs. See paper for setting and protocol.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Cited in research docs. See paper for outcome measures.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Cited in research docs. See paper for analysis methods.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.Cited in research docs. See paper for details.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot available from citation. -
Tier 1 Pending semantic_scholar 2025
Integrating Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and Sensor-Based Technologies: A Systematic Review of Methodologies in Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection (2025)
Authors: Georgios Bouchouras, Konstantinos KotisSubject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Systematic review — no original subject recruitment. Searched IEEE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science for studies on AI/IoT for ASD detection.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — systematic review. Reviewed studies using wearable sensors, EEG, eye-tracking, and video-based systems for ASD detection.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — systematic review. Pulls from published studies across clinical, home, and lab settings.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — systematic review. Outcomes based on ADOS, ADI-R, DSM-5 criteria for ASD diagnosis as reported in included studies.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?PRISMA guidelines followed. Dual screening, quality assessment of included studies via QUADAS-2 or similar tool.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — systematic review. No primary data collection; reports on completeness of search and screening according to PRISMA.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 Pending crossref 2027
MXene-based biosensors for biomedical diagnostics: From molecular recognition to wearable systems (2027)
Authors: Shamsheeth Khan Sardar Khan, Govindaraj SabareesSubject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — review article. No human subjects. Covers MXene-based biosensor platforms for biomedical diagnostics.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — review article. Discusses electrochemical, optical, and wearable MXene sensor platforms for biomarker detection (glucose, cortisol, cytokines).Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?N/A — review article. Surveys in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo sensor validation studies from published literature.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?N/A — review article. No outcome events. Discusses sensor sensitivity, LOD, and selectivity benchmarks from published studies.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — review article. Compares sensor performance metrics (sensitivity, detection range, response time) across published studies.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — review article. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 Pending semantic_scholar n=70 2025
Temporal point process modeling of aggressive behavior onset in psychiatric inpatient youths with autism (2025)
Authors: Michael Potter, Michael Everett, Ashutosh Singh et al.Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=70. Youth with ASD (ages 6-20) from inpatient psychiatric units. 75% male, 85% minimally verbal. Recruited from 4 sites as part of AIC (Autism Inpatient Collection).Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Empatica E4 wristband. Sensors: EDA (4Hz), PPG (64Hz), ACC (32Hz), TEMP (4Hz). Data streamed via Bluetooth to study tablet.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Inpatient psychiatric unit. Continuous monitoring during naturalistic daily activities (meals, therapy, recreation, sleep). No structured tasks. Duration: up to 14 days per participant.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Aggression events defined per OAS-M (Overt Aggression Scale — Modified). Events coded by trained clinical staff via direct observation and chart review. Inter-rater reliability: κ > 0.80.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Manual artifact rejection by trained research assistants. EDA artifacts identified via sudden drops > 5μS. ACC non-wear detected via zero-variance windows. Cross-modal validation between EDA and HRV peaks.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=70 enrolled. 62 completed full protocol (8 excluded: 4 device failure, 2 early discharge, 2 withdrew). Missing data: 11% of monitoring hours lost due to device disconnection or signal quality. Missingness correlated with high-agitation periods (MNAR).Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomMissing not at random -
Tier 1 unknown
Autonomic Dysregulation in ASD
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Population: ASD.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for device specifications.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for validation procedures.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — physiology summary. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Hot-blooded vs Cold-blooded Aggression Physiology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Setting: clinical.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for device specifications.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Clinical setting. Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for validation procedures.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — physiology summary. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Meltdown Physiological Signature
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — physiology summary document. Synthesizes findings from multiple studies.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for device specifications.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for validation procedures.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — physiology summary. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown n=1
Rumble Detection Physiology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?n=1.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for device specifications.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for validation procedures.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.n=1.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 1 unknown
Tantrum vs Meltdown Physiology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Setting: clinical.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for device specifications.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Clinical setting. Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?Synthesized from published literature. See referenced studies for validation procedures.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — physiology summary. No primary data collection.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
REACT — Real-time Early Agitation Capture Technology
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?Population: ASD.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — reference/resource document.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory. Real-world.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — reference/resource document.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — reference/resource document.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
FEEL Benchmark Code
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — code repository. See linked dataset and paper for details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 2 unknown
WESAD Baseline Implementations
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — code repository. See linked dataset and paper for details.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — code repository. See linked dataset documentation.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed -
Tier 3 unknown
WHOOP 5.0/MG Protocol Schema — NOOP-Audited
Authors:Subject SelectionHow were subjects selected? Inclusion/exclusion criteria, sampling strategy, n=? Power analysis?N/A — reference/resource document.Data AcquisitionHow was data physically acquired? Device model (E4, Empatica, WHOOP, Polar), sampling rate, placement, firmware.N/A — reference/resource document.Acquisition ContextFrom whom, what were they doing during recording? Clinic, home, school, sleep-only, free-living, task-based?Laboratory.Gold Standard LabelsHow were outcome events defined? Clinician-validated scale (ABCD, ABC, CAAS, VAS), event logs, direct observation?Event labels.Data ValidationHow were data fields validated? Artifact rejection, signal quality indices, cross-modal checks, QC pipeline?N/A — reference/resource document.Missingnessn=X subjects — do all have complete data? Describe pattern.N/A — reference/resource document.Missing TypeMissing, Missing at random, Missing completely at random, Missing not at randomNot assessed